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| Mariano Rajoy |
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| Jacques Chirac |
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| Helmut Kohln |
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| Carlos Salinas de Gortari |
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| Maluf |
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| Berlusconi |
Perry Anderson escreveu
no London Review of Books um artigo que deveria ser amplamente lido e discutido no Brasil. O artigo trata de problemas supostamente europeus, mas na verdade descreve com clareza uma crise no sistema político-representativo que é, em realidade, mundial. Deixo aqui apenas um trecho:
"[...] the [European] Union is not an excrescence on member states that might otherwise be healthy enough. It reflects, as much as it deepens, long-term trends within them. At national level, virtually everywhere, executives domesticate or manipulate legislatures with greater ease; parties lose members; voters lose belief that they count, as political choices narrow and promises of difference on the hustings dwindle or vanish in office.
With this generalised involution has come a pervasive corruption of the political class, a topic on which political science, talkative enough on what in the language of accountants is termed the democratic deficit of the Union, typically falls silent. The forms of this corruption have yet to find a systematic taxonomy. There is pre-electoral corruption: the funding of persons or parties from illegal sources – or legal ones – against the promise, explicit or tacit, of future favours. There is post-electoral corruption: the use of office to obtain money by malversation of revenues, or kickbacks on contracts. There is purchase of voices or votes in legislatures. There is straightforward theft from the public purse. There is faking of credentials for political gain. There is enrichment from public office after the event, as well as during or before it. The panorama of this malavita is impressive. A fresco of it could start with Helmut Kohl, ruler of Germany for sixteen years, who amassed some two million Deutschmarks in slush funds from illegal donors whose names, once he was exposed, he refused to reveal for fear of the favours they had received coming to light. Across the Rhine, Jacques Chirac, president of the French Republic for twelve years, was convicted of embezzling public funds, abuse of office and conflicts of interest, once his immunity came to an end. Neither suffered any penalty. These were the two most powerful politicians of their time in Europe. A glance at the scene since then is enough to dispel any illusion that they were unusual."
A insistência no Brasil em lidar com suas mazelas políticas como resultado de especificidades culturais do país não é só um traço peculiar de um masoquismo que, por exemplo, pode ser encontrado em Portugal ou em outros países latino-americanos. É também um tremendo ponto cego que me lembra a insistência em discutir certos problemas econômicos como exclusivamente mazelas nacionais enquanto eles afetam de forma semelhante a países diferentes como Argentina e México. A malavita de que fala Perry Anderson tem causas muito mais profundas [e sérias] do que alguma coisa que poderia se resolver com a troca de um governante ou partido por outro, justamente porque ela aponta para um esvaziamento progressivo da política, que se transforma num espetáculo que não apenas enfurece mas também oculta as forças hegemônicas que "administram" as coisas no mundo inteiro.
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